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Ozone kinetics of dimethyl sulfide in the presence of water vapor

Haitao WANG

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第6期   页码 833-835 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0570-8

摘要： The outdoor smog chamber was used to thorough investigate the rate constants of gas-phase reaction between dimethyl sulfide (DMS) and ozone (O ) under conditions of relative humidity 55.0%–67.8% at (296±2)K for the first time. The rate constants were measured, at a total pressure of 1 atm, to be (10.4±0.2) × 10 cm ·molecule ·s at relative humidity of 67.5%±0.3% at 298K, (10.1±0.1) × 10 cm ·molecule ·s at relative humidity of 66.5%±0.5% at 296K, (7.75±0.39) × 10 cm ·molecule ·s at relative humidity of 64.8%±0.1% at 294K and (3.42±0.21) × 10 cm ·molecule ·s at relative humidity of 55.8%±0.8% at 295K. Base on these results, it is possible to see the reaction of O /DMS in the presence of water vapor as an important sink for DMS in the earth atmosphere.

关键词： rate constants     ozone (O3)     dimethyl sulfide (DMS)     water vapor    

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extracellular polymeric substances from activated sludge on the aggregation kinetics of silver and silver sulfide

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1450-2

摘要：

• The NPs aggregation in the electrolyte solution is consistent with the DLVO theory.

关键词： Silver nanoparticles     Silver sulfide nanoparticles     Extracellular polymeric substances     Aggregation kinetics     Influence mechanisms    

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Catalytic activity of cerium-doped Ru/AlO during ozonation of dimethyl phthalate

ZHOU Yunrui, ZHU Wanpeng, CHEN Xun

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第3期   页码 354-357 doi: 10.1007/s11783-008-0059-z

摘要： In this paper, factors influencing the mineralization of dimethyl phthalate (DMP) during catalytic ozonation with a cerium-doped Ru/AlO catalyst were studied. The catalytic contribution was calculated through the results of a comparison experiment. It showed that doping cerium significantly enhanced catalytic activity. The total organic carbon (TOC) removal over the doped catalyst at 100 min reached 75.1%, 61.3% using Ru/AlO catalyst and only 14.0% using ozone alone. Catalytic activity reached the maximum when 0.2% of ruthenium and 1.0% of cerium were simultaneously loaded onto AlO support. Results of experiments on oxidation by ozone alone, adsorption of the catalyst, Ce ion’s and heterogeneous catalytic ozonation confirmed that the contribution of heterogeneous catalytic ozonation was about 50%, which showed the obvious effect of Ru–Ce/AlO on catalytic activity.

关键词： Ru–Ce/AlO     dimethyl phthalate     mineralization     comparison experiment     catalytic ozonation    

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Recent advances of small-molecule fluorescent probes for detecting biological hydrogen sulfide

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第1期   页码 34-63 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2050-1

摘要： H2S is well-known as a colorless, acidic gas, with a notoriously rotten-egg smell. It was recently revealed that H2S is also an endogenous signaling molecule that has important biological functions, however, most of its physiology and pathology remains elusive. Therefore, the enthusiasm for H2S research remains. Fluorescence imaging technology is an important tool for H2S biology research. The development of fluorescence imaging technology has realized the study of H2S in subcellular organelles, facilitated by the development of fluorescent probes. The probes reviewed in this paper were categorized according to their chemical mechanism of sensing and were divided into three groups: H2S reducibility-based probes, H2S nucleophilicity-based probes, and metal sulfide precipitation-based probes. The structure of the probes, their sensing mechanism, and imaging results have been discussed in detail. Moreover, we also introduced some probes for hydrogen polysulfides.

关键词： hydrogen sulfide     fluorescent probe     reducibility     nucleophilicity     copper sulfide precipitate     hydrogen polysulfides    

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Biomass to dimethyl ether by gasification/synthesis technology

Tiejun WANG, Yuping LI, Longlong MA, Chuangzhi WU

《能源前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第3期   页码 330-339 doi: 10.1007/s11708-010-0121-y

摘要： Technical and economic analysis was done for the biomass to dimethyl ether (DME) technology to promote the gasification/synthesis route for biofuel production and its application as a fossil fuel substitute. The technology of biomass gasification/synthesis has obvious advantages, including production flexibility, environmental friendliness, economic feasibility, and application versatility. Biomass gasification/synthesis technology integrates bio-DME synthesis, fertilizer production, electricity generation, and waste heat utilization to convert waste biomass residues to DME for use as liquid petroleum gas, transportation fuel substitute, and chemical intermediates, which has been proven to be one of the most effective and clean biomass utilization routes. The 1000 t/a-scale demonstration plant has a bio-DME production rate of 6 to 7 / , biomass gasification efficiency of≥82%, once-through CO conversion of ≥70%, DME selectivity (DME/DME+other organic products) of ≥90%, and a total system efficiency of ≥38%. The demonstration plant also has self-sufficient steam and electricity supply. The 10,000tons/a-scale bio-DME production cost with or without feedstock subsidy is estimated to be 1968 Yuan/t and 2868 Yuan/t, respectively in China. Because of the limitation in biomass feedstock collection cost, massive and disperse commercial plants with a capacity of 10000 t/a bio-DME are more suitable for rural areas.

关键词： technical and economic analysis     biomass     dimethyl ether     gasification/synthesis    

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Performance and emission characteristics of QHCCI dimethyl ether engine

WANG Ying, LI Wei, ZHOU Longbao, LIU Shenghua, HU Tiegang

《能源前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第4期   页码 401-405 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0075-5

摘要： Experimental investigation into the effects of different pilot amounts of dimethyl ether (DME) on the performance and emission of a single-cylinder direct-injection DME engine is conducted. The results show that a DME engine can operate at a wider range of speeds and loads at quasi-homogenous charge compression ignition (QHCCI) mode. The brake thermal efficiency increases while the exhaust temperature decreases. NO emission decreases by about 30%–50% although there is a slight increase in HC and CO emissions. NO, HC and CO emissions increase with an increase in the amount of DME pilot. QHCCI is a good way to increase thermal efficiency and decrease NO emission.

关键词： Experimental investigation     single-cylinder direct-injection     exhaust temperature     dimethyl     compression ignition    

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Novel eco-efficient reactive distillation process for dimethyl carbonate production by indirect alcoholysis

Iulian Patraşcu, Costin S. Bîldea, Anton A. Kiss

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第2期   页码 316-331 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2047-9

摘要： Dimethyl carbonate is an eco-friendly essential chemical that can be sustainably produced from CO , which is available from carbon capture activities or can even be captured from the air. The rapid increase in dimethyl carbonate demand is driven by the fast growth of polycarbonates, solvent, pharmaceutical, and lithium-ion battery industries. Dimethyl carbonate can be produced from CO through various chemical pathways, but the most convenient route reported is the indirect alcoholysis of urea. Previous research used techniques such as heat integration and reactive distillation to reduce the energy use and costs, but the use of an excess of methanol in the trans-esterification step led to an energy intensive extractive distillation required to break the dimethyl carbonate-methanol azeotrope. This work shows that the production of dimethyl carbonate by indirect alcoholysis of urea can be improved by using an excess of propylene carbonate (instead of an excess of methanol), a neat feat that we showed it requires only 2.64 kW·h·kg dimethyl carbonate in a reaction-separation-recycle process, and a reactive distillation column that effectively replaces two conventional distillation columns and the reactor for dimethyl carbonate synthesis. Therefore, less equipment is required, the methanol-dimethyl carbonate azeotrope does not need to be recycled, and the overall savings are higher. Moreover, we propose the use of a reactive distillation column in a heat integrated process to obtain high purity dimethyl carbonate (>99.8 wt-%). The energy requirement is reduced by heat integration to just 1.25 kW·h·kg dimethyl carbonate, which is about 52% lower than the reaction-separation-recycle process. To benefit from the energy savings, the dynamics and control of the process are provided for ±10% changes in the nominal rate of 32 ktpy dimethyl carbonate, and for uncertainties in reaction kinetics.

关键词： dimethyl carbonate     reactive distillation     process design     plantwide control    

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A density functional theory study on the mechanism of Dimethyl ether carbonylation over heteropolyacids

Kai Cai, Ying Li, Hongbao Shen, Zaizhe Cheng, Shouying Huang, Yue Wang, Xinbin Ma

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第2期   页码 319-329 doi: 10.1007/s11705-020-1957-2

摘要： Dimethyl ether (DME) carbonylation is considered as a key step for a promising route to produce ethanol from syngas. Heteropolyacids (HPAs) are proved to be efficient catalysts for DME carbonylation. In this work, the reaction mechanism of DME carbonylation was studied theoretically by using density functional theory calculations on two typical HPA models (HPW, HSiW). The whole process consists of three stages: DME dissociative adsorption, insertion of CO into methoxyl group and formation of product methyl acetate. The activation barriers of all possible elementary steps, especially two possible paths for CO insertion were calculated to obtain the most favorable reaction mechanism and rate-limiting step. Furthermore, the effect of the acid strength of Brønsted acid sites on reactivity was studied by comparing the activation barriers over HPW and HSiW with different acid strength, which was determined by calculating the deprotonation energy, Mulliken population analyses and adsorption energies of pyridine.

关键词： dimethyl ether     carbonylation     mechanism     heteropolyacids     density functional theory    

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Control of hydrogen sulfide emissions using autotrophic denitrification landfill biocovers: engineering

Daoroong SUNGTHONG, Debra R. REINHART

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第2期   页码 149-158 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0324-4

摘要： Hydrogen sulfide (H S) emitted from construction and demolition waste landfills has received increasing attention. Besides its unpleasant odor, long-term exposure to a very low concentration of H S can cause a public health issue. In the case of construction and demolition (C&D) waste landfills, where gas collection systems are not normally required, the generated H S is typically not controlled and the number of treatment processes to control H S emissions in situ is limited. An attractive alternative may be to use chemically or biologically active landfill covers. A few studies using various types of cover materials to attenuate H S emissions demonstrated that H S emissions can be effectively reduced. In this study, therefore, the costs and benefits of H S-control cover systems including compost, soil amended with lime, fine concrete, and autotrophic denitrification were evaluated. Based on a case-study landfill area of 0.04 km , the estimated H S emissions of 80900 kg over the 15-year period and costs of active cover system components (ammonium nitrate fertilizer for autotrophic denitrification cover, lime, fine concrete, and compost), ammonium nitrate fertilizer is the most cost effective, followed by hydrated lime, fine concrete, and yard waste compost. Fine concrete and yard waste compost covers are expensive measures to control H S emissions because of the large amount of materials needed to create a cover. Controlling H S emissions using fine concrete and compost is less expensive at landfills that provide on-site concrete recovery and composting facilities; however, ammonium nitrate fertilizer or hydrated lime would still be more cost effective applications.

关键词： hydrogen sulfide emissions     construction and demolition waste     autotrophic denitrification     landfill biocovers    

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Therapeutic application of hydrogen sulfide donors: the potential and challenges

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第1期   页码 18-27 doi: 10.1007/s11684-015-0427-6

摘要：

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a colorless gas smelling of rotten egg, has long been considered a toxic gas and environment hazard. However, evidences show that H2S plays a great role in many physiological and pathological activities, and it exhibits different effects when applied at various doses. In this review, we summarize the chemistry and biomedical applications of H2S-releasing compounds, including inorganic salts, phosphorodithioate derivatives, derivatives of Allium sativum extracts, derivatives of thioaminoacids, and derivatives of anti-inflammatory drugs.

关键词： hydrogen sulfide     cardiovascular     cancer     hypertension    

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Exergy losses in premixed flames of dimethyl ether and hydrogen blends

Tongbin ZHAO, Jiabo ZHANG, Dehao JU, Zhen HUANG, Dong HAN

《能源前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第4期   页码 658-666 doi: 10.1007/s11708-019-0645-8

摘要： A second-law thermodynamic analysis was conducted for stoichiometric premixed dimethyl ether (DME)/hydrogen (H )/air flames at atmospheric pressure. The exergy losses from the irreversibility sources, i.e., chemical reaction, heat conduction and species diffusion, and those from partial combustion products were analyzed in the flames with changed fuel blends. It is observed that, regardless of the fuel blends, chemical reaction contributes most to the exergy losses, followed by incomplete combustion, and heat conduction, while mass diffusion has the least contribution to exergy loss. The results also indicate that increased H substitution decreases the exergy losses from reactions, conduction, and diffusion, primarily because of the flame thickness reduction at elevated H substitution. The decreases in exergy losses by chemical reactions and heat conduction are higher, but the exergy loss reduction by diffusion is slight. However, the exergy losses from incomplete combustion increase with H substitution, because the fractions of the unburned fuels and combustion intermediates, e.g., H and OH radical, increase. The overall exergy losses in the DME/H flames decrease by about 5% with increased H substitution from 0% to 100%.

关键词： second law analysis     flame     dimethyl ether (DME)     hydrogen     binary fuels    

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Abatement of sulfide generation in sewage by glutaraldehyde supplementation and the impact on the activated

Lehua ZHANG,Jingxing MA,Yinchen JIN,Haiqin ZHANG,Yongdi LIU,Lankun Cai

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第2期   页码 365-370 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0645-1

摘要： Hydrogen sulfide emission in sewer systems is associated with toxicity, corrosion, odour nuisance and high costs treatment. In this study, a novel method to inhibit sulfide generation from sewage by means of glutaraldehyde supplementation has been suggested and evaluated under anaerobic conditions. Different concentrations of glutaraldehyde at 10, 15, 20, 30 and 40 mg·L have been investigated. Besides, the possible impacts of glutaraldehyde supplementation on an activated sludge system and an appraisal of the economic aspects are presented as well. As observed from the experimental results, a dosage of 20 mg·L glutaraldehyde resulted in a significant decrease of the sulfide production by 70%–80% in the simulated sewage. Moreover, the impacts of additional glutaraldehyde at 20 mg·L on activated sludge, in terms of chemical oxygen demand removal and oxygen uptake rates, were negligible. From an economical point of view, the cost of the commercial glutaraldehyde products required in the operation, which was calculated on the basis of activated sulfide removal avoidance, was around €3.7–4.6 S·kg . Therefore it is suggested that glutaraldehyde supplementation is a feasible technique to abate the sulfide problems in sewer systems. Yet further research is required to elucidate the optimum “booster” dosage and the dosing frequency in situ accordingly.

关键词： corrosion     glutaraldehyde     sulfate-reducing bacteria     sulfide     urban sewage    

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Influence of crystalline phase of Li-Al-O oxides on the activity of Wacker-type catalysts in dimethyl

Yadong GE, Yuanyuan DONG, Shengping WANG, Yujun ZHAO, Jing LV, Xinbin MA

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第4期   页码 415-422 doi: 10.1007/s11705-012-1214-4

摘要： The catalysts supported on LiAl O (spinel) for vapor phase synthesis of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) from methyl nitrite (MN) have been studied. Their catalytic activities on supports prepared by different methods were evaluated in a continuous reactor. The samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, N adsorption-desorption isotherms, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and temperature-programmed reduction of H . Li/Al molar ratio and calcination temperature greatly influence the structure of crystalline phase of Li-Al-O oxides. Desirable LiAl O (spinel) was formed at 800°C, while LiAl O (primitive cube) formed at 900°C is undesirable for the reaction. A high Li/Al molar ratio, which was related with LiAlO , also slowed the reaction rate. The electron transfer ability and the interaction with active component are the important properties of the spinel-based supports. The CuCl -PdCl /LiAl O (spinel) with better electron transfer ability and low Pd reduction temperature exhibited a better catalytic ability.

关键词： Wacker-type catalyst     dimethyl carbonate     methyl nitrite     spinel    

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Dimethyl ether as alternative fuel for CI engine and vehicle

Zhen HUANG , Xinqi QIAO , Wugao ZHANG , Junhua WU , Junjun ZHANG ,

《能源前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第1期   页码 99-108 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0013-1

摘要： As a developing and the most populous country in the world, China faces major challenges in energy supply and environmental protection. It is of great importance to develop clean and alternative fuels for internal combustion engines. On the basis of researches on DME engine and vehicle at Shanghai Jiaotong University in the last twelve years, fuel injection, combustion, performance and exhaust emissions of DME engine and DME vehicle are introduced in this paper. The results indicate that DME engines can achieve high thermal efficiency and ultra low emissions, and will play a significant role in meeting the energy demand while minimizing environmental impact in China.

关键词： dimethyl ether (DME)     fuel injection     combustion process     emission control     CI engine     vehicle    

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Impact of dimethyl ether on engine seal materials

WU Ning, ZHANG Wugao, HUANG Zhen

《能源前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第3期   页码 279-284 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0042-1

摘要： The resistance of many kinds of rubber materials to dimethyl ether (DME) was studied. Both the mass and volume change of rubber materials, which were put in DME and then exposed to the air for different periods of time were measured. The results show that fluorine rubber (FKM), silicone rubber (SIR), and nitrile rubber (NBR) are unsuitable as seal materials for DME engines. Common polyvinylchloride (PVC) dissolved completely in DME, which has almost no impact on vulcanizing nylon material. The constitution of ethylene propylene terpolymer rubber (EPDM) has a major impact on its resistance to DME. A kind of EPDM with good resistance to DME was found, whose reliability was validated by 100 hours of DME engine operation.

关键词： impact     Common polyvinylchloride     different     constitution     ethylene propylene    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Ozone kinetics of dimethyl sulfide in the presence of water vapor

Haitao WANG

期刊论文

extracellular polymeric substances from activated sludge on the aggregation kinetics of silver and silver sulfide

期刊论文

Catalytic activity of cerium-doped Ru/AlO during ozonation of dimethyl phthalate

ZHOU Yunrui, ZHU Wanpeng, CHEN Xun

期刊论文

Recent advances of small-molecule fluorescent probes for detecting biological hydrogen sulfide

期刊论文

Biomass to dimethyl ether by gasification/synthesis technology

Tiejun WANG, Yuping LI, Longlong MA, Chuangzhi WU

期刊论文

Performance and emission characteristics of QHCCI dimethyl ether engine

WANG Ying, LI Wei, ZHOU Longbao, LIU Shenghua, HU Tiegang

期刊论文

Novel eco-efficient reactive distillation process for dimethyl carbonate production by indirect alcoholysis

Iulian Patraşcu, Costin S. Bîldea, Anton A. Kiss

期刊论文

A density functional theory study on the mechanism of Dimethyl ether carbonylation over heteropolyacids

Kai Cai, Ying Li, Hongbao Shen, Zaizhe Cheng, Shouying Huang, Yue Wang, Xinbin Ma

期刊论文

Control of hydrogen sulfide emissions using autotrophic denitrification landfill biocovers: engineering

Daoroong SUNGTHONG, Debra R. REINHART

期刊论文

Therapeutic application of hydrogen sulfide donors: the potential and challenges

null

期刊论文

Exergy losses in premixed flames of dimethyl ether and hydrogen blends

Tongbin ZHAO, Jiabo ZHANG, Dehao JU, Zhen HUANG, Dong HAN

期刊论文

Abatement of sulfide generation in sewage by glutaraldehyde supplementation and the impact on the activated

Lehua ZHANG,Jingxing MA,Yinchen JIN,Haiqin ZHANG,Yongdi LIU,Lankun Cai

期刊论文

Influence of crystalline phase of Li-Al-O oxides on the activity of Wacker-type catalysts in dimethyl

Yadong GE, Yuanyuan DONG, Shengping WANG, Yujun ZHAO, Jing LV, Xinbin MA

期刊论文

Dimethyl ether as alternative fuel for CI engine and vehicle

Zhen HUANG , Xinqi QIAO , Wugao ZHANG , Junhua WU , Junjun ZHANG ,

期刊论文

Impact of dimethyl ether on engine seal materials

WU Ning, ZHANG Wugao, HUANG Zhen

期刊论文